La SATOR
Les études satoriennes : historique de trois décennies de rechercheLa SATOR (Société d’Analyse de la Topique Romanesque) fut créée à la Sorbonne en 1986 sur l’initiative d’Henri Coulet († 2018), de Eglal Henein (Tufts Univ.) et de Nicole Boursier (Univ. of Toronto). C’est depuis 1987 une association selon la loi de 1901. Elle mène de front le repérage, le stockage informatique, l’analyse et l’utilisation scientifique de configurations narratives récurrentes (ou ‘topoï’). [i] Elle a été très tôt pionnière dans le domaine des humanités numériques, avant même que le terme existe, à une époque où très peu de littéraires osaient encore se lancer dans ces domaines. |
Satorian studies: an overview of three decades of researchSATOR (Société d’Analyse de la Topique Romanesque – the Society for the Study of Recurrent Narrative Sequences) was created at the Sorbonne in 1986 as an initiative undertaken by Henri Coulet Coulet († 2018), Eglal Henein (Tufts Univ., Boston, USA) and Nicole Boursier (Univ. of Toronto, Canada). The following year, in 1987, the Society was officially founded in France in keeping with the framework provided in the French regulations of 1901. Since 1987, SATOR has been a leader in the identification, electronic storage and academic study of recurrent narrative sequences (topoi). It was one of the pioneers in Digital Humanities, even before the term existed, and at a time where few literary scholars dared venture into this field. The statutes of the Society were updated in 2012 to better reflect its ongoing academic evolution and the opening of its research focus to include topoi in narrative texts other than novels, in other genres (painting, film, television series), in other periods (from Classical Antiquity to contemporary times) and in non European languages. The Society includes academics in numerous institutions across the globe and has remained continuously visible and active, most notably by the organization of annual conferences on both sides of the Atlantic and beyond (USA, Canada, France, Portugal, the Maghreb, Australia, South Africa). The annual conferences have produced a substantial collection of over thirty publications, each exploring the notion of topos through different methodological and thematic lenses. A sampling of conference titles shows discussions of the interplay between the topos and concepts such as gender, violence, imposture, mentoring, eroticism, and narrative time and space, to mention but a few: « Violence et fiction jusqu’à la Révolution » (1994) « Homo narrativus » (1997), « Topique de la fuite » (1998), « Féminités et masculinités dans le texte narratif avant 1800 » (2000), « Locus in fabula » (2001), « Tempus in fabula » (2004), « Topographie de la rencontre dans le roman européen » (2005), « Topique du public et du privé » (2010), « Fictions de l’imposture » (2013), « Topiques érotiques » (2014), « Maîtres et disciples » (2015), « Roman rose/roman noir » (2017), « Sons, voix, bruits et chants » (2019). At the same time, SATOR began at a very early stage the work of conceptualizing and operationalizing a computer based thesaurus of topoi. This work, begun in the 1990s at the Université de Montpellier, culminated a first phase with the creation by a team led by Eric-Olivier Lochard of Toposator, the first computer-based tool to compile a thesaurus of topoi This first thesaurus inspired numerous initiatives and synergies developed on several fronts, most notably between France and Canada. The work begun in Montpellier was followed up in particular at the University of Toronto. In 1997, Stéfan Sinclair, then at McMaster University, integrated the data contained in the previous thesaurus for a web based application, Satorbase, which was then migrated to the new SATOR website, satorbase.org. The database portion of the site (site unfortunately currently unavailable for technical reasons) has been managed and populated with data by the members of SATOR for the past 20 plus years. Members of SATOR have been involved in a number of other successful Digital Humanities projects. Suzan van Dijk at the Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands in Amsterdam, has spearheaded a databank of women writers (http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/womenwriters), Jan Herman at the Catholic University of Louvain has worked on literary prefaces and Eglal Henein (Tufts University), one of the co-founders of SATOR, undertook the massive challenge of putting online a critical edition of the monumental multi-volume novel l’ Astrée (https://astree.tufts.edu/_analyse/accueil.html). The Utpictura 18 database created by Stéphane Lojkine (Aix-Marseille) publishes and analyzes images from the Middle Ages to the XVIIIth Century (engravings, sketches, paintings, scuptures, tapestries, etc.) in their relationship to literature. Two recent projects have continued and enriched more directly the work of the Society. The TOUCHER project, led by SATOR members in Canadian universities (McMaster U, McGill, U de Montréal, U of Calgary, U of Victoria) has worked, among other goals, on a research methodology aiming to automate the search for topoi in electronic texts. This work is finding its place in the third iteration of the database, which is now in the process of being renewed, reconceptualized and expanded in a new structure as the database is in the process of being migrated to the University of Victoria. Another key milestone was achieved in 2016 at the initiative of Hélène Cazes at the University of Victoria with the creation of the online Open Access journal, TOPIQUES. Etudes satoriennes, (https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/sator). The journal publishes a minimum of one issue per year. The journal’s visibility and quality is recognized by its inclusion in and indexing by the Erudit collection of journals. |